Family Interventions For Mental Illness Essay - 1217 Words

Psychoeducation Psychoeducation is one of evidence-based family interventions for mental illness and has been utilised in working with clients with mental illness such as schizophrenia and ADHD and their families. For instance, psychoeducation is appropriate approach to ADHD. A chid with ADHD brings enormous challenges to his family including parenting stress, conflict with siblings, and more. Psychoeducation has been a cognitive-behavioural approach to mental illness. This educational opportunity assists the clients’ families to gain more information and knowledge about mental illness and possible treatments. This intervention is based on the assumption that providing appropriate and adequate information can mediate distress within the family (Corcoran, 2003). According to Corcoran (2003), psychoeducation involves a number of sessions: 1) The family social worker joins with the family instead of working alone with the child with mental illness. For example, the initial focus of psychoeducation is the parent as she/he is the main person to change the child’s environment. This also helps the family to recognise stress. 2) The next session involves dealing with maternal stress. The parent’s caregiving difficulties and challenges will be shared with the family social worker. It is also important to the practitioner to identify current and potential support available outside the family. 3) In this session, the practitioner moves into providing education on mentalShow MoreRelatedThe Lives of the Grape Family in Whats Eating Glibert Grape1631 Words   |  7 PagesGrape Family The movie utilized for this assignment was What’s Eating Gilbert Grape. This movie explored the life of the Grape family consisting of Gilbert, Ellen, Arnie, Bonnie and Amy. (Hallstrà ¶m, Blomquist, Matalon, Ohlsson, Teper 1993). The movie reveals the struggles that the family face while raising Arnie who had a chronic mental illness (Hallstrà ¶m et al., 1993). This paper will discuss the priority concerns and corresponding interventions that are pertinent for the Grape family basedRead MoreMental Health And Mental Disorders1050 Words   |  5 Pages Mental health and mental disorders are related in that which they both deal with the mind, they either have productive or detrimental effects on the individual. Mental health is basically when an individual is performing and being productive with in society. The individual has the ability to cope with specific issues and address those issues without cause. Mental disorders are any condition that is diagnosable through the DSM-5, and causes mood and behavioral changes. Mental disorders canRead MoreVulnerable Populations - Human Services1683 Words   |  7 Pageslife to manage the illness. Examples of such illnesses are diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease. When discussing chronic mental illness, such diseases or disorders would be those that require ongoing treatment and care throughout much of the patients’ life. Examples would be schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, chronic anxiety disorder or attention deficit hyperactive disorder as well as many other specific fo rms of mental illness. Individuals suffering from chronic mental illnesses are partRead MoreHigh-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion1039 Words   |  5 PagesHigh-risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion NUR 542 University of Phoenix Sandra English High-risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Homelessness can occur even in the most stable income families. Families that have a one income household can find themselves without employment suddenly from companies that are experiencing economic difficulties which lead to reduction in forces. The United States homeless populations decreased by one percent in 2011. The nation went from 643Read MoreThe Homeless Population Of The United States1393 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation consists of every age group, sex, religion, family type, and ethnic group. Families, children, and adults who are homeless suffer many adverse effects from living in shelters and on the streets, and approximately twenty six percent of homeless individuals suffer from severe mental illness (Stanhope, 2014). This paper focuses on the homeless population of all age groups, males and females, and the prevalence of mental health illness among this population in Los Angeles County. Read MoreIntroduction Of Ibm Spss Statistics 21 Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagesparticipants had a decrease in stigma from Survey A to Survey B. Prior to the educational intervention, 60.7% of participants believed that someone with a mental disorder should be kept in a psychiatric or mental hospital, compared to 45% following the intervention. Prior to the intervention, 79.1% of participants reported that they would seek outside help if they thought that they might have a mental illness and 17.4% of participants reported that they would keep it to themselves, compared to 83Read MoreTragedy of Tormented Teenagers: Mental Illness Hits One in Four1429 Words   |  6 PagesMany young Australians suffer from mental illness and are exposed to serious risk of harm. It is found that more than one in four teenagers suffer a mental illness and most are not identified or treated (Mcdougall, 2013). Mental illness is the largest risk factor that causes suicidal behaviour and serious psyc hological distress in young people (Australian Government, 2013). According to Mcdougall (2013), the life expectancy for people with mental illness is 15 to 20 year lower than other AustraliansRead MoreThe Treatment Prospects For Schizophrenia1571 Words   |  7 PagesThe Treatment Prospects for Schizophrenia Cecilia Pivarunas Northern Virginia Community College Abstract Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that can present in many different ways. Most often, symptoms display in a negative or positive manner. While medications are on the market to mitigate symptoms, the optimal treatment method couples both pharmaceutical and psychiatric rehabilitation. The Patient Outcomes Research Team, commonly called PORT, has issued treatment recommendations for SchizophreniaRead MoreThe Complexity of Borderline Personality Disorder Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagesattempt to explain Borderline Personality Disorder, the complexity of BPD still remains. It may be easier to understand the nature of Borderline Personality Disorder by viewing documentaries of individuals experiencing the illness first hand. When reviewing websites on a mental illness such as BPD, it is important to analyze the validity of the information rather than automatically believing the content is updated and reliable. The video, Back From the Edge: Living With and Recovering From BorderlineRead MoreCritical Time Intervention ( Cti )900 Words   |  4 PagesCritical time intervention (CTI) was designed to be bridge that filled the gap between institutionalization and transition into the community. The hope of CTI is to prevent homelessness among individuals suffering from mental illness as well as develop a step- by- step initiative that could combat the growing problem (Critical Time Intervention, 2012). Buchanan (2006) estimates that 3.5 million individuals are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (Sadowski, 2009). The epidemiology of

The Handmaids Tale Essays - 1979 Words

The Handmaids Tale The Handmaids Tale, written by Margaret Attwood, goes on to explore the consequences that come to be from the reversal of womens rights in a society called Gilead. It is what one can consider a cautionary tale. In the new world of Gilead, a group of conservative religious extremists have taken power, and have turned the sexual revolution upside down. The society of Gilead is founded on what is to be considered a return to traditional values, gender roles and the subjugation of women by men, and the Bible is used as the guiding principle. It differs completely from the society, which was once the place in which Feminists argued for liberation from the traditional gender roles. What women had worked hard for in the†¦show more content†¦This ritual clearly shows how Offred is given no freedom and is instructed in everything that she does. Along with her impersonal sex, Offred is limited in her contact to the outside world. She is only allowed to leave the home in order to go on shopping trips with the other handmaids, and when she is out in public, she along with the other handmaids, are watched by the Eyes. The Eyes are the secret police force within Gilead. Their purpose is to observe every move that is made. She is also never to have complete privacy in her room, the door must remain somewhat open at all times. Offred narrates by describing her daily routine, in which she talks about her new life in Gilead. Often times she slips into flashbacks and glimpses of what her life once was. In the society previous to Gilead, Offred had engaged in a situation, in which she had an affair with a married man by the name of Luke. As their affair continued on, Luke left his wife in order to marry Offred. Once Luke and Offred were together they had a child together. Offred reveals the events that led up to the society of Gilead through her flashbacks. From the narrative unveiling of events, Offred explains to the reader that prior to Gilead, the society was one in which pornography was readily available, pollution and other hazardous waste spills affected fertility rates, and prostitution was prominent. Then a group of people were able to get theShow MoreRelatedThe Handmaids Tale715 Words   |  3 PagesImagine growing up in a society where all women are useful is to reproduce. The Handmaid’s Tal e by Margaret Atwood is an excellent novel of what could potentially be the fate of the future one day. The main character, Offred, moves into a new home where she is there to perform â€Å"rituals† with the Commander, head of the house, so she can hopefully reproduce herself. The Commander is a key character for he can get rid of Offred if he does not like her and he has all the power. The two end up havingRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesUpon reading The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood, one notices the tragedy of women losing rights. Imagine the feelings of losing all rights and freedoms; how hard the transition would be from an American society, centered on freedoms, to the society where Offred lives in The Handmaid’s Tale. Thankfully for all Americans, Atwood’s prediction of what society would become in the future was inaccurate. But, not all countries enjoy the same freedoms and luxuries as America does; the treatment of womenRead MoreFeminism In The Handmaids Tale1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe Republic of Gilead, a dystopian world with a patriarchal society, is displayed in Atwood’s, The Handmaid’s Tale. More specifically, the novel takes place in what used to be considered the United States but is now being called the Republic of Gilead where freedoms and rights have been excluded, especially for women. The society nurtures a â€Å"theocratic, patriarchal, nightmare world created by men, with the complicity of women† (â€Å"Margaret (Eleanor) Atwood†). The separation of the freedoms betweenRead MoreInterpreting the Handmaids Tale657 Words   |  3 PagesInterpreting The Handmaids Tale The Handmaids Tale is distinguished by its various narrative and structural divisions. It contains four different levels of narrative time: the pre-Revolution past, the time of the Revolution itself, the Gileadean period, and the post-Gileadean period (LeBihan 100). In addition, the novel is divided into two frames, both with a first person narrative. Offreds narrative makes up the first frame, while the second frame is provided by the Historical Notes, a transcriptRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale And The Crucible1695 Words   |  7 PagesResistance Futile? What do The Handmaid’s Tale and The Crucible suggest about the nature of resisting and rebelling against social order? Margaret Atwood’s, The Handmaid’s Tale, and Arthur Miller’s ,The Crucible, explore the consequences surrounding the nature of resisting and rebelling against social order. Resistance the refusal to accept or comply with something or to actively and passively fight against something. Atwood’s new government of Gilead in The Handmaid’s Tale enforces unthinkable oppressionRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesPaula Hawkins, a well-known British author, once said, â€Å"I have lost control over everything, even the places in my head.† In Margaret Atwood’s futuristic dystopia The Handmaid’s Tale, a woman named Offred feels she is losing control over everything in her life. Offred lives in the Republic of Gilead. A group of fundamentalists create the Republic of Gilead after they murder the President of the United States and members of Congress. The fundamentalists use the power to their advantage and restrictRea d MoreFeminism in The Handmaids Tale626 Words   |  3 PagesPaper: Feminism in The Handmaid’s Tale In today’s news we see many disruptions and inconsistencies in society, and, according to Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, humankind might be headed in that direction. The deterioration of society is a concept often explored biologically in novels, but less common, is the effect on everyday social constructs such as the position of women as a item that can be distributed and traded-in for a ‘better’ product. The Handmaid’s Tale elaborates the conceptRead More The Handmaids Tale Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesThe Handmaids Tale Serena Joy is the most powerful female presence in the hierarchy of Gileadean women; she is the central character in the dystopian novel, signifying the foundation for the Gileadean regime. Atwood uses Serena Joy as a symbol for the present dystopian society, justifying why the society of Gilead arose and how its oppression had infiltrated the lives of unsuspecting people. Atwood individualises the character of Serena Joy, as her high status in the society demands powerRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesBrenda Guillen Professor XXX Class November 8, 2017 Then vs. Now, the Realities of of Atwood’s ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ in Modern Day America The novel quot;The Handmaid#39;s Talequot; written by Margaret Atwood in 1985 is a fictional novel about Gilead, a place ruled by male religious fundamentalists who rape women labeled as handmaids to bear children for infertile wives. The society encourages the enslavement of women to control their reproductive rights. While Atwood’s novel depicts a fictionalRead MoreFeminism In The Handmaids Tale1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood is set in a future time period where the United States is under the control of the Gileadean regime. A terrorist attack leads to the collapse of Congress, the suspension of the Constitution, and the establishment of a theocratic totalitarian government. Men and women are given roles within society; they are Commanders, Eyes, Handmaids, and Marthas. In this novel, Atwood explores a prominent social issue, feminism. The suppression and power of women are examined

Race As A Category Of Difference Essay - 2145 Words

In human societies, understanding the construction of categories of difference to create meaning and explanations for the distribution of societal roles and statues is essential to analyzing the creation of language and culture. In its most basic form, societal ideologies and value systems deliver themselves through language that shapes the perception of difference and phenomenon. Race plays a particularly important role as a category of difference in American society; the language most directly related to race often coming under intense scrutiny as attitude about the innate nature of race have shifted in recent history. A linguistic category that is commonly seen as benign or at least simply referential in relation to race is the paired terms of â€Å"black† and â€Å"white,† which denominate the two primary racial statuses in American society. The terms black and white, in reference to the racial categories, create through their linguistic associations the idea that t he two races are discontinuous and suggest that the two are binaries of each other with opposing traits and attributes. Claudia Rankine touches on the linguistic associations in relation to â€Å"blackness† and â€Å"whiteness† trough her writings in her book Citizen. Citizen is a circuitous and personal descent into past experiences that truly illuminate racial discrimination in America. Rankine’s book explores the racism and prejudice that are prevalent in the United States. Through her use of vernacular and diction, RankineShow MoreRelatedRacial Skepticism Is The Idea That Race, As A Biological1394 Words   |  6 Pagesskepticism is the idea that race, as a biological category, does not exist. Population-level genetic studies have established that race is not discernable as a biological category through genetic variation between races, as genetic variation is higher within folk racial groups than between them. Folk racial groups are categories used on Census forms, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, and the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). In â€Å"When Socially Determined Categories Make Biological Realties:Read MoreRace Advances Health Care Research1335 Words   |  6 PagesRacial categories play a significant role in healthcare and research, and should not be eliminated. Firstly, studying race advances health care research because it adds a layer of understanding between the doctor and the patient; the researcher and the subject. Race is a real aspect of human life, and ignoring it completely will make a superficial relationship between health care professionals and their patients. By studying the behavior of physicians, a 2010 study concluded â€Å"patient race is importantRead MoreNVQ Business studies1456 Words   |  6 Pageseverywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. WeRead MoreAnalysis Of Kenan Malik s The Meaning Of Race : Race, History And Culture906 Words   |  4 Pages The Meaning of Race: Race, History and Culture in Western Society, Paul Broca stated, â€Å"Race in the present state of things is an abstract conception.† He further stated that race is â€Å"a conception of continuity in discontinuity, of unity in diversity. It is the rehabilitation of a real but directly unobtainable thing.† Based on Broca’s statements, it is difficult to classify humans into racial categories because the definition of what makes a person a member of a particular race differs from regionRead MoreEssay on Shade Of Citizenship: Race, Citizenship In Modern Politics1064 Words   |  5 PagesShade of Citizenship: Race, Citizenship in Modern Politics A very vexing topic of discussion indeed when it comes to the census and its racial undertones. The census can be defined as the scientific method of collecting data as records for the government or state use for the proper control of public properties. However, what completely alters the whole process is its highly comparative analytical stance adopted which inserts in elements of difference. The census is a crucial political instrumentRead MoreRace Construction Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesCarrigan Davis Anthro 103 Ethnology Draft Racial constructions in the United States beyond white and black Race construction in the United States has been socially constructed since the founding of the republic. Racial differences and the development of various ethnic identities have been affected by the rigidity of racial categories in the United States, these include American Indian or Alaskan Native, black or African American, Native Hawaiian or other Asian Pacific Islander, and white. TheRead MoreArticle Review : Race, Gender, And Self Presentation1632 Words   |  7 PagesLama Darji RUID: 146000789 Scholarly Article Review – Race, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Teen Profile Photographs Kapidzic, S., Herring, S. C. (2015). Race, gender, and self-presentation in teen profile photographs. New Media Society, 17(6), 958-976. doi:10.1177/1461444813520301 Introduction: This study analyzes how teens represent themselves through their profile pictures on a popular non-anonymous chat site. Ever since the rise of â€Å"computer-mediated communication†, people have beenRead MoreRace And Its Impact On Society972 Words   |  4 PagesRace, a term people choose to blandly deny but affect our everyday lives. Whether or not we choose to be consciously aware of it or not, race has an astronomical effect on our society. A persons’ race affects what school that they attend, their form of employment and ultimately how they are perceived. Race is defined as â€Å"groupings of people believed to share common descent, based on perceived innate physical similarities†. Smith Lecture notes. Essentially, one can categorize or identify the raceRead MoreAnalysis Of Unequal Childhoods1498 Words   |  6 Pagesher book, Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life, Annette Lareau argues out that the influences of people, in addition as race, end in unequal childhoods (Lareau 1). to grasp this, it s necessary to infer from the book and assess the way during which race and people tend to form the lifetime of a family. The manner during which a family lives are often virtually entirely be preset by the people and race of the family. because they demonstrate, every race and people typically has its own distinctiveRead More Race vs. Social Class Essay847 Words   |  4 PagesRace vs. Social Class THESIS: Race differences in identity and social position were, and are, more important than class differences in American society. Events in the nineteenth century made it abundantly and irrefutably clear that race as a concept sui generis superseded social class as the dominant mechanism of social division and stratification in North America. (Smedley 219) For many decades people have been using race as a way to classify humans into different social categories. Lower

Childhood Onset Schizophrenia And Its Effects - 1376 Words

One of the most debilitating, devastating, and incurable mental disorders is one that is plagued by severely abnormal functions, disturbed behaviors and the likelihood to seriously diminish nearly all functionality of life—this disorder is known as schizophrenia. While extremely rare, schizophrenia can develop in childhood, sometimes as young as two to four years. This is referred to as childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). â€Å"Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a severe form of psychotic disorder that occurs at age 12 years or younger and is often chronic and persistently debilitating† (DSM-5). By a vast number of psychologists and other medical professionals, it is believed to be just as virulent and malicious as adolescent and adult schizophrenia. The DSM-5 criteria for child-onset schizophrenia requires at least two of the following five symptoms to be present for no less than a month, and at least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3): (1) delusions, (2) hallucinati ons, (3) disorganized speech, (4) grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and (5) negative symptoms. Other criteria must include: a significantly lower level of functioning in other areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care; the persistence of signs of disturbance for at least 6 months, including at least 1 month of symptoms that meet one of the five symptoms; the ruling out of schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder; and the exclusion of substance abuse or another medicalShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Child Onset Schizophrenia Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pages SOWK 506- Fall 2015 Assignment #3: Child Onset Schizophrenia Becki Kennedy and Mary Marrone USC School of Social Work December 11, 2015 Martha Lyon-Levine Introduction This research paper focuses on the issue of child onset schizophrenia, specifically looking at the prognosis, symptoms, stigma, and most effective treatment options for children. This topic has become a significant social issue as a result of the recent mass school shootings throughout the nationRead MoreThe Pathway to Psychosis1433 Words   |  6 PagesReappraisal of the interplay between psychosis and depression symptoms in the pathogenesis of psychotic syndromes: results from a twenty-year prospective community study examines the relationship between psychosis and depression symptoms in the onset of psychosis, using evidence from the Zurich study (Rossler, et al., 2011, pp. 11-13). The 20 yearlong study, which was conducted in Switzerland, involved a sample of 4547 subjects (2201 men and 2346 women). These subjects were a randomRead MoreSchizophreni A Common And Serious Disorder Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is one of the most common and serious disorder in the United States. In their 2002 publication, â€Å"Violence and schizophrenia: examining the evidence,† Elizabeth Wals h, Alec Buchanan and Thomas Fahy discuss that, â€Å"In the United States alone there are a minimum of two million schizophrenics.† Though schizophrenia is a widely known disorder that has been common in the United States since the late 1880s, its causes are not yet fully known. Schizophrenia not only affects the patient; itRead MoreChildhood Onset And Known Linked Factors2067 Words   |  9 Pagesof this paper is a literature review of schizophrenia, childhood onset and known linked factors. The paper will also take a look at environmental factors, a slight focus on stress, and the effects of prenatal immune activation. It will attempt to explain the effects of stress and triggering the schizophrenia genetic vulnerability through the transactional stress and diathesis-stress model. What is Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that effects the way an individual experiences the worldRead MorePsychhizophrenia Research Paper1333 Words   |  6 Pageschildren or adolescents who present with the onset of serious mental illness. Early-onset of illness is a high prediction of poor outcomes for the patient. Severe mental illness diagnoses include schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. The schizophrenia spectrum includes schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder and xxxx. The diagnoses fall into xxx categories; xxx, xxxx and xxx. Early onset of schizophrenia (EOS) before the age of 13, is very rareRead MoreChildhood Schizophrenia Interventions. Moriah Rastegar.1246 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Schizophrenia Interventions Moriah Rastegar Adelphi University Author Note This paper was prepared for the Science of Social Issues, Section 245, taught by Professor Ream. Childhood Schizophrenia Interventions Schizophrenia is a mental health condition that places considerable burden on the individuals who have it, their families, and society (Eack 2012). Someone who has schizophrenia may have the following symptoms, but not all: faulty perceptions, inappropriate actions andRead MoreSchizophrenia Is A Disease Process That Is Characterized By Periods Of Irrational Behavior, Emotional Changes1046 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is a disease process that is characterized by periods of irrational behavior, emotional changes, and distorted views of reality. According to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, this illness affects about one percent of the population. In the past, the general belief about schizophrenia was that it was untreatable and that all patients with this disease needed to be institutionalized. Although that could still be a viable option in isolated cases of extreme psychosisRead MoreIs Schizophrenia A Brain Disorder?1946 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that effects the way an individual experiences the world. The disorder is characterized by psychotic, positive symptoms, deficit, negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment (Hung Choy Wong Van Tol, 2003). Positive symptoms are expressed as delusions, hallucinations and/or disorganized thoughts. Delusions are beliefs that are false, for example, your neighbor Joe starts to believe that he is the president of the United States of America.Read MoreCase Summary Simon Symptoms 806 Words   |  4 Pagesassociated with the illness (Mason Mason, 2002). A huge challenge for Simon is not being able to work full time due to his episodes. Schizophrenia has interfered with his life because this mental illness can sometimes disable him. Construct a Diagnosis Simon is suffering from a mental illness called 295.90 (F20.9) schizophrenia, continuous. Research states that† Schizophrenia occurs in people from all cultures and from all walks of life† (Butcher et al., 2013, p.444). Simon reported experiencing symptomsRead MoreEssay on Childhood Schizophrenia2373 Words   |  10 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental illness which affects millions of people throughout the world. Scientists have begun to understand more and more about the possible causes, predisposing factors, types, and possible treatments for schizophrenia. (Torrey, 1995) It is very rare for schizophrenic symptoms to appear before the age of 12 but it does occur. Recently, there has been a growing interest in childhood schizophrenia. It is less than one-sixtieth as common as the adult-onset type but the characteristics

Leadership Approaches Free Essays

Leadership implies the ability to guide, direct, or influence people. In a certain family owned coffee plantation, the need arose for a quick decision on enlisting the company into the stock exchange. Given its rising fortunes, future prospects and need to acquire addition expansion capital, this was a good move. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now But this is a family-owned business, and selling its shares to the public might amount to selling the family’s fortune away. The first son who had the running of the company under his hands had to take the decision. He was not a professional in the business, so he called for two separate meetings of the company board and the family. Having heard collectively, he was able to sell 50% of the company shares to the public, leaving 50% to the family members, discretionary rights to buy as much of the public offers as they are able. Groups  of  people  living in bands have no formal leadership, and all people have input in making group decisions. Most decision-making in tribes occurs within households. Occasionally, most or all members of lineages or clans convene to make important village decisions, such as about dealing with neighboring tribes. Descent groups may also regulate access to crucial resources, such as favored hunting areas, and choose where people will live. (Bodley, 2006) According to Max de Pree  (1924  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  ), the best management process for today’s environment is participative management based on covenantal relationships. Industrial Management, in business, is a term used to describe the techniques and expertise of efficient organization, planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. Industrial management and the managerial grid Thus the style approach tends to analyze the individuals involved and see how best to harness their collective contributions to realizing the collective company goals. This is explained below: Technical: The technical ingenuity of an individual alone can not accomplish the required task and as such technical expertise is best utilized in team work, especial at the middle and supervisory levels. Human: The Human Resources of a skilled employer depends on training. For the top levels, this is most essential because it defines the course the company has to follow. Also, for the supervisory and middle level, an average proficiency is needed. Conceptual: the conceptual power of the middle level brings up growth while that of the top level drives this growth and ensures its sustenance. The managerial grid simply defines a hierarchy of flow of management in a leadership set-up. It clearly defines positions of authority and responsibility by all involved. A managerial grid, which consists of the CEO as the boss, includes the administrative, finance, operational and marketing management is it line of responsibilities. Work flows progressively, with each division taking decisions it is well vested on or its line of duty. Major decisions are taken by the board comprising of the CEO and managers. This enables the company to take sound and fair decisions which is responsive to the general interest of the company’s sustenance. In the theory of industrial management, organization has two principal aspects. One relates to the establishment of so-called lines of responsibility, drawn usually in the form of an organization chart that designates the executives of the business, from the president to the foreperson or department head, and specifies the functions for which they are responsible. The other principal aspect relates to the development of a staff of qualified executives. The Managing Director or CEO is the most senior manager of a company. The managing director is responsible for the day-to-day running of the company, but has a seat on the board of directors. The managing director may also be the chairman of the company, but in large companies the role of chairman is usually separate from that of managing director. He works with the Board of Directors or a group of directors elected by stockholders at the annual general meeting of a company to supervise the running of the company. Executive directors are managers of a company, working full time and with salaries paid by the company. Nonexecutive directors have no management position and are likely to look after the affairs of the company on a part-time basis. The  top  managers  of  a corporation are appointed or dismissed by a corporation’s board of directors, which represents stockholders’ interests. However, in practice, the board of directors is often made up of people who were nominated by the top managers of the company. Members of the board of directors are elected by a majority of voting stockholders, but most stockholders vote for the nominees recommended by the current board members. Stockholders can also vote by proxy—a process in which they authorize someone else, usually the current board, to decide how to vote for them. Businesses  rely  on  effective human resource management (HRM) to ensure that they hire and keep good employees and that they are able to respond to conflicts between workers and management. HRM specialists initially determine the number and type of employees that a business will need over its first few years of operation. They are then responsible for recruiting new employees to replace those who leave and for filling newly created positions. A business’s HRM division also trains or arranges for the training of its staff to encourage worker productivity, efficiency, and satisfaction, and to promote the overall success of the business. Finally, human resource managers create workers’ compensation plans and benefit packages for employees. Planning in industrial management has three principal aspects. One is the establishment of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials, and supplies; and accounting. The second aspect relates to the implementation of these policies by departments. The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision and guidance by the executive in authority; in this connection a distinction is generally made between top management, which is essentially administrative in nature, and operative management, which is concerned with the direct execution of policy. Control involves the use of records and reports to compare performance with the established standards for work. Industrial management as just defined dates from the latter part of the 19th century. A notable impetus to its evolution was provided by the American engineer Frederick Taylor, who developed techniques for analyzing the operations involved in production and for setting standards for a day’s work. The techniques originally devised by Taylor were adapted by industrialists to other phases of business, including the employment of qualified workers, and wage incentive programs either to replace or to supplement the piecework system that had previously prevailed. Industrial management experts who succeeded Taylor have applied his techniques to a wider range of business problems. Among the leading successors are the Austrian-American management consultant and educator Peter Drucker and the American economist, writer, and diplomat John Kenneth Galbraith. New  explanations  and  fresh policies were urgently required; this was precisely what Keynes supplied. In his enduring work The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, the central message translates into two powerful propositions. (1) Existing explanations of unemployment he declared to be nonsense: Neither high prices nor high wages could explain persistent depression and mass unemployment. (2) Instead, he proposed an alternative explanation of these phenomena focused on what he termed aggregate demand—that is, the total spending of consumers, business investors, and governmental bodies. When aggregate demand is low, he theorized, sales and jobs suffer; when it is high, all is well and prosperous. From  these  generalities flowed a powerful and comprehensive view of economic behavior—the basis of contemporary macroeconomics. Because consumers were limited in the amounts that they could spend by the size of their incomes, they could not be the source of the ups and downs of the business cycle. It followed that the dynamic forces were business investors and governments. In a recession or depression, the proper thing to do was either to enlarge private investment or create public substitutes for the shortfalls in private investment. In mild economic contractions, easy credit and low interest rates (monetary policy) might stimulate business investments and restore aggregate demand to a figure consistent with full employment. More severe contractions required the sterner remedy of deliberate budget deficits either in the form of spending on public works or subsidies to afflicted groups. Some  big  corporations established overseas operations and became multinational. Producers in the United States depended on world markets to buy oil, iron, steel, and food that they exported. They also increased their overseas investments. Standard Oil (later Exxon), for instance, developed oil resources in Venezuela and the Middle East. Coca-Cola swept through Europe, where it set up bottling factories. New types of bureaucrats ran the big businesses of postwar America. In The Organization Man (1956), sociologist William H. Whyte wrote that employers sought managers who would adapt to corporate culture, which rewarded teamwork and conformity. The essential characteristic of the behavioral approach to learning is that events in the environment are understood to predict a person’s behavior, not thoughts, feelings, or other events that take place inside the person. Strict behaviorists believe that it is dangerous and unscientific to treat thoughts and feelings as the causes of a person’s behavior, because no one can see another person’s thoughts or feelings. Behaviorists maintain that human learning can be explained by examining the stimuli, reinforces, and punishments that a person experiences. According to behaviorists, reinforcement and punishment, along with other basic principles such as generalization and discrimination, can explain even the most advanced types of human learning, such as learning to read or to solve complex problems. Conclusion In the situation described above, the head of the family coffee company simply executed collective leadership. The leader behavior thus makes sense when you realize the amount of gains that has been added to the company based on this sharp approach. This supports the leadership theory described and it has helped me to understand my feelings and behavior in this particular situation. Business  plays  a  vital role in the life and culture of countries with industrial and postindustrial (service- and information-based) free-market economies such as the United States. In free-market systems, prices and wages are primarily determined by competition, not by governments. In the United States, for example, many people buy and sell goods and services as their primary occupations. In 2001 American companies sold in excess of $10 trillion worth of goods and services. Businesses provide just about anything consumers want or need, including basic necessities such as food and housing, luxuries such as whirlpool baths and wide-screen televisions, and even personal services such as caring for children and finding companionship. A typical example of a non-collective leadership is in a one-man business. The Entrepreneur thus is one who assumes the responsibility and the risk for a business operation with the expectation of making a profit. The entrepreneur generally decides on the product, acquires the facilities, and brings together the labor force, capital, and production materials. If the business succeeds, the entrepreneur reaps the reward of profits; if it fails, he or she takes the loss. In his writings, the Austrian-American economist Joseph A. Schumpeter stressed the role of the entrepreneur as an innovator, the person who develops a new product, a new market, or a new means of production. One important example was Henry Ford. In the industrialized economies of the late 20th century, giant corporations and conglomerates have largely replaced the individual owner-operator. There is still a place for the entrepreneur, however, in small businesses as well as in the developing economies of the Third World nations. (Redmond, 2006) References Bodley, John H. â€Å"Culture.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Dryzek, John. â€Å"Political Science† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Entrepreneur.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Industrial Management.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Invention (device or process).† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 How to cite Leadership Approaches, Essay examples

Academic Communication Skills Trust and Societal

Question: Discuss about theAcademic Communication Skillsfor Trust and Societal. Answer: Introduction Starting from academic work until the innovation by a company, the work should be original. In a country like Australia, copying ideas can is considered wrong and punishable by law. A student as well as a business owner should present his or her own idea while presenting it to the teachers or to the customers respectively. Copying the ideas will give rise to various issues like ethical, trust, societal, academic and legal. The various issues that might arise due to copying have been discussed in the following essay. Ethics and Integrity Copying the work that has been done by someone else is against the ethics. The previous author has done some rigorous research and study to get the solution of the work (Osman, Salim Abuobieda, 2012). If another person claims the work to be his or her own then it will be against the ethics. One person can take the idea from another work but should properly reference to give either person acknowledgement. Trust Issues If one copies the ideas of another author, it is breaching the trust of another person. When a person is submitting the work in any university or at a company, the organization is trusting the person by considering it as the original work. If the person is copying the work from some place, then it will be an act of fraud where not only the trust of the organization but also the trust of the previous authors will be broken (Bonnell et al., 2012) Academic Issues Proper referencing should be used not only to give the authors acknowledgement but for the student who are using the material will be able to refer to the material if needed (Osman, Salim Abuobieda, 2012). If a person copies the idea of another author, the readers will baffled as they will not be able to understand the original author of the information Societal Issues A person does extensive study to enhance the knowledge and help the society gain knowledge about a certain subject (Bonnell et al., 2012). If one person is copying the idea from another person then the next generation will not be able to learn anything from the work. Thus, it will give rise to societal issues as well. Legal Issues If any person is copying the ideas and work could be held under the copyright act of 1968 is Australia (Austlii.edu.au, 1968). A person could be punished for claiming the intellectual property of someone else as his own. If any individual is found to be copying the ideas, then he or she can complain under the trademark act of 1995 (Austlii.edu.au, 1995). A company should create a trademark to prevent the work being copied by other entities. Conclusion Copying the idea of another person can be considered wrong at various aspects. Copying not only breaks the trust of another individual but also can destroy the future of another individual. The person or an organization will can be held under the copyright act and the trademark act for such issues. References Austlii.edu.au,. (1968).Copyright Act 1968.Austlii.edu.au. Retrieved 27 October 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca1968133/ Austlii.edu.au,. (1995).Trade Marks RADE MARKS ACT 1995.Austlii.edu.au. Retrieved 27 October 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/tma1995121/ Bonnell, D. A., Buriak, J. M., Hafner, J. H., Hammond, P. T., Hersam, M. C., Javey, A., ... Schaak, R. E. (2012). Recycling is not always good: the dangers of self-plagiarism.ACS nano,6(1), 1-4. Osman, A. H., Salim, N., Abuobieda, A. (2012). Survey of text plagiarism detection.Computer Engineering and Applications Journal (ComEngApp),1(1), 37-45.

Thomas Coles the Course of Empire free essay sample

The Connection Between Religion and Nature in Thomas Coles The Course of Empire Thomas Cole, a founder of The Hudson River School, can be considered one of the most famous American artists. The Hudson River School focused on creating landscapes of the continental United States in a pastoral setting in which humans were one with the their land. The Hudson River School artists accepted that the beauty and diversity of the American landscape was only possible through the divine grace of god. And while each of their individual piety varied the Hudson River School painters opinioned paralleled those of the fathers of American transcendentalism: Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman. The Hudson River School was able to create a visual depiction of the transcendental thoughts. â€Å"Concurring with Emerson, who had written in his 1841 essay, Thoughts on Art, that painting should become a vehicle through which the universal mind could reach the mind of mankind, the Hudson River painters believed art to be an agent of moral and spiritual transformation. In The Course of Empire, a five piece series and one of Cole’s most famous works, these views about the relationship between man and nature can be observed if analyzed critically. Furthermore, through the critical evaluation of this series the viewer can ascertain that Cole is making an argument against religion that was not in tune with nature—that being a religion or society that choose to conquer nature rather then respect it as a living representation of God. The Course of Empire was created between 1833 and 1836. The five large acrylic paintings represent an imaginary empire and its course from creation to destruction and rebirth. It is clearly the same society Cole depicts throughout the entire series because of the identifiable landscape that serves as both the subject and the setting for each stage of the empire. Cole places individuals in direct interaction or lack there of with the land and through these creative choices one can deduce his feelings towards the development of the Empire. In the first painting of the series, The Savage State, it is the audience’s first introduction to the valley of the soon to be empire. The landscape is a lush one. Its most prominent feature that will be repeated through the rest of the series is the mountain and its cliff in the background of the painting. In the foreground, there is both a vibrant forest and a waterway, which will later become the empire’s defining feature. In addition, there is a hunter in the foreground with a bow and arrow towards a deer on the right side of the painting, which is wounded. This is signifying the hunter portion of society when nature and man are still not in harmony. In the right background, there is a fire surrounding by other figures and tepees that represent Native Americans. The figures are positioned surrounding the fire; in addition they are purposely blurred. The blurring of the figures is an attempt to show movement around the fire. This is Cole’s first illustration of religion. The fire in the center of the Indians with their society and their bodies surrounding it show their respect for element and for what it can do for them. While the hunter counteracts this respect for the area, the basic canoes in the waterway allude to the beginning of fishing and trade. Lastly, the stormy clouds exhibit that nature is not yet a calm being. The Arcadian State is the second of the series. Critics have argued that this is the ideal state of society in both Cole’s opinion and the rest of the Hudson River School. This painting is sometimes also referred to as the Pastoral State. The viewer has moved further back in this view of the valley. The mountain is now father to the left and the waterway is father in the background in contrast to the foreground. In The Arcadian State the figures are far more prominent then in The Savage State. The humans have cleared the lush forest as much of the greenery has been replaced with flat land and fields. In the lower right portion of the painting, there is also a stump signifying a recently cut tree. In the center of the painting is a complex boat in the building stages. There are also many boats including sails in the waterway. On the waterway, a village with visible housing structures has flourished, signifying that the ocean and nature are the way to survival versus the hunter in the Savage State. Across the painting, sheep flock around the humans in a natural way, there is also a sheepherder in the middle left. In the foreground, an older man is writing in the ground with a stick, a younger boy is lying on the ground and girls are playing or possibly dancing with flower garlands. All of the humans wear visible clothing that is colorful in nature signifying that the society has learned to make fabric and dies or traded on the waterway for them. The most important aspect of The Arcadian State is the round stone structure in the center of the painting. It is on a hill facing both the water way and the sun. A clear path also leads up the hill from where the humans are going about their daily activities. The stone structure is almost identical to what historians and archeologists say Stone Henge looked like in its original state: squared arches are created out of rectangle stones placed on top of each other which are all of almost identical size, the arches are placed in a circle with finally two larger arches placed in the center facing each other. The stones also appear smooth and as in the case of Stone Henge this would have to have been done purposely by humans. Stone Henge was used, as a site for worship and this appears to have been Cole’s message in including something of religious meaning that would be simply understood by educated viewers. Out of the center of the stone structure comes a fire possibly signifying a sacrifice as these types of structures were often used as alters. The allusion of a sacrifice signifies a clear belief by the people in some being that controls their lives. At this point in history much of this life including survival and prosperity depend entirely on the weather. The clouds in this painting are completely calm and the sun shines on the people making it evident that at this point the village is in harmony with nature. There is no hunting in this painting only a clear respect for the natural resources through the creation of stronger boats, herding and the fields, which are being plowed by a human in the center towards the background. This is the only painting in which the humans appear to be at peace and enjoying themselves. This reasserts the argument that Cole supports religion when it is in harmony with nature. The third and fourth paintings, The Consummation of Empire and The Destruction of Empire are from the same viewpoint. These paintings are clearly most influenced by Cole’s trips to Europe. The empire has Greek, Roman and Ottoman allusions in it therefore reinforcing that this is an imaginary empire not meant to represent any of the well-known empires of the past. The stone circle has been replaced by a domed building. Both paintings are filled with people yet the hierarchy is evident as is the decadency of the empire. In the bottom left of the The Consummation there is a general or ruler in a red robe raising a structure that appears to be a cross that could be a reference to Constantine and or the crusades. In the bottom right of this picture, there is a woman on a throne with others bowing down to here, there is also a brigade of soldiers with weapons and a fountain depicting control over the elements. The empire has many personified gods across it signifying that worship is now towards people. Gold, potted and decorative plants as well as large ships filled with soldiers also signify that nature is being used for negatives. In The Destruction of Empire the empire in every way falls apart: buildings are burning down, the clouds are back to storming, the ships are breaking in half and a woman is even committing suicide running from a solider which may allude to rape and the unspoken causalities of war. All of these items suggest that Cole feels the decadence and the domination of nature and the position of individuals over the nature lead to destruction. Finally in the fifth painting, Desolation, the empire is literally in ruins. No humans are seen anywhere in the painting. The single standing column is now a home for birds depicting that once again nature is dominating over society. The water is flowing through the ruins also referring to the power of nature. In this painting there is no reference to a religion other then that of the nature itself. The most defining feature of Desolation is the full moon over the water in the center, implying that this day is ending a new one will begin which can be viewed as a rebirth is approaching. Cole paints The Course of Empire during a highly political time between the Federalists and the Democrats, some would argue that The Course of Empire is a political warning of the excesses of democracy but the religious symbolism proves that while it may be a political warning the real warning is one that is much stronger than that: nature and God defeat all that is not done in harmony with them. Cole’s paintings along with the rest of The Hudson River School’s work give birth to the preservation movement in America creating national parks such as Yosemite and allowing for today’s children to see glimpses of the beauty that was all around Cole and his peers.

Should Marijuana Be Legalized For Aids Use Essays - Medicine

Should Marijuana Be Legalized For Aids Use? Should Marijuana be Legalized for AIDS Use? Fifteen years ago the word AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) was barely used in the United States. Today, it's on the cover of every newspaper, and parents and kids discuss it regularly in the household. It is no longer considered someone else's problem; it is now everyone's problem. Not a day goes by that a person doesn't worry about AIDS. The fear of AIDS is heightened only by the fact that there is no cure. People with AIDS must live with the fact that they are eventually going to die. Their death comes slowly and painfully. Each day they take pills and shots that provide temporary relief, but in the long run, they only make matters worse. Some pill's side effects are worse than some of the disease's symptoms. What if there was a drug that could ease some of this pain? Scientists and researchers seem to believe that they have found this miracle drug. Believe it or not, this miracle drug has been used for decades. Just recently, medical doctors suggested that marijuana be used to treat some symptoms of AIDS. This proposal brings forth both medical and ethical questions. Why exactly should marijuana be legalized for AIDS use? Many doctors believe that cannabis is particularly useful in the treatment of AIDS Wasting Syndrome. They believe that it causes the patient to develop an appetite, therefore causing them to gain weight. It is also believed that marijuana helps relieve nausea caused by AIDS and other AIDS treatments. Patients have gone on record stating that marijuana has helped tremendously in the relief of AIDS related illnesses. If marijuana has been used for so many years why are we just now recognizing its medical potential? Marijuana has been suggested for medical use for many years, and yet it has always been put on the back burner. This brings up the ethical side of the argument. In the past decades marijuana has been highly abused. The main concern of legalizing this drug is that the government is making it easier for anyone to buy it on the street. The government also wants to get the point across that smoking cannabis isn't going to make the disease go away; it may only help stop some of the pain. This argument doesn't seem to have a correct answer. On one hand we can lock down and keep marijuana away from our children, and on the other we can let sick people suffer. The only logical answer would be to legalize marijuana, and yet put extremely harsh laws on it. Restricting it only to patients with certain serious diseases should keep it from being used regularly by people who aren't in need of it. Marijuana should only be accessible with a prescription from an authorized medical doctor. There should be a maximum amount allowed to be in your possession at one time. Unauthorized possession of marijuana should draw a harsher penalty. Hopefully this will get the point across that this drug is only to be used for medical reasons. This is the only way I can see either side compromising in order to get the best results from the whole situation. Legal Issues Essays